Isaac Newton

Physicist, Mathematician, Astronomer (1643–1727)

Isaac Newton formulated the laws of motion and universal gravitation, laying the foundation of classical physics. His work Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica codified the principles that govern the physical universe.

Newton also made major contributions to optics, calculus, and mathematics, uniting empirical observation with rigorous reasoning.

“If I have seen further it is by standing on the shoulders of giants.”

His discoveries shaped the Enlightenment and remain essential to modern science, engineering, and technology.